Chemical Speciation in the Environment
Ure, A. M., & Davidson, C. M. (1995). Chemical speciation in the environment. Oxford: Blackwell Science.
Speciation is the identification and analysis of the chemical forms (or species) in which elements exist. It is critical to the understanding of the chemistry of environmental and biological systems. This book deals with the methods available to the analytical chemist for speciation, and with details of speciation in particular environments (waters, soils, sludges, plants, animals and man and with the radioactive elements in the environment). A final chapter summarizes the trends and developments in the field. The book provides an authoritative and up-to-date overview of the total problem of speciation and brings together the expertise and experience of scientists working on the various important different aspects of it.
Metals and Their Compounds in the Environment: Occurrence, Analysis and Biological Relevance
Merian, E. (1991). Metals and their compounds in the environment: occurrence, analysis and biological relevance. Weinheim: VCH.
This book contains information on metals which influence the health of plants, animals and humans. The book is divided into two broad sections. Section 1 includes 36 general contributions on the role of metals and their compounds in the environment, including problems related to waste, soils, and wildlife. Section 2 systematically describes the analytical chemistry (sources, speciation, transport), bioavailability, metabolic pathways and biological effects of 37 metals.
Optimization of hydroxyl radical production using electro-Fenton method for chemical oxygen demand reduction in diluted palm oil mill effluent, Water and Environment Journal
Lim, C. H., Ang, J. J., Lau, S., & Tay, M. G. (2017). Optimization of hydroxyl radical production using electro-Fenton method for chemical oxygen demand reduction in diluted palm oil mill effluent. Water and Environment Journal, 31(4), 578–583.
Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is a well‐known highly polluting wastewater due to its extremely high contents of organic matter, suspended solids and nutrients. In this study, we used electro‐Fenton method to treat POME by optimizing OH• generation from hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) under low voltage input (1.5–6.0 V). A set of electro‐Fenton system was set up using stainless steel as the anode and graphite as the cathode. Four parameters namely retention times, concentrations of H2O2 as well as FeSO4 catalyst and applied voltages were studied. The results were reflected in the form of removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD). The optimum conditions to degrade organic matter in POME were found to be in 4 h retention time with the respective H2O2 and FeSO4 catalyst concentrations of 0.05 and 0.10 M, and the power input of 1.5 V.
The influence of the push-pull effect and a π-conjugated system in conversion efficiency of bis-chalcone compounds in a dye sensitized solar cell – Journal of Molecular Structure
Teo, K. Y., Tiong, M. H., Wee, H. Y., Jasin, N., Liu, Z.-Q., Shiu, M. Y., … Tay, M. G. (2017). The influence of the push-pull effect and a π-conjugated system in conversion efficiency of bis-chalcone compounds in a dye sensitized solar cell. Journal of Molecular Structure, 1143, 42–48.
Chalcone and its related compounds are known to be π-conjugated compounds, which can be potentially used in different electronic areas include dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC). A total of six bis-chalcone compounds (1–6) have been synthesized using a Claisen-Schmidt condensation method under basic conditions. The compounds were used as the dye in DSSC to test their solar conversion efficiency. In the process of solar cell fabrication, titanium(II) oxide (TiO2) coated glass was used as the working electrode, whereas the mixture of iodine (I2), lithium iodide (LiI), 4-tertbutylpyridine (4-TBP) and 1,2-dimethyl-3-propylimidazolium (DMPII) in 3-methoxypropionitrile were used as the electrolyte. The DSSC was fabricated by immersing the TiO2 glass into the respective bis-chalcone compound solution and dried into the oven at 45 °C for 120 min.
Comments